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The influence of Malay on English

English, a linguistically absorptive language, has been significantly influenced by numerous languages globally, and Malay is no exception. This influence has been most profound in areas where the British Empire had colonised regions where Malay was spoken, such as Malaysia and Singapore.

One of the most iconic contributions of Malay to English is the word "amok," originating from the Malay term "amuk," meaning to attack fiercely. "To run amok" is now a standard part of English vocabulary, often used to describe uncontrollable behaviour.

The rich biodiversity of the Malay-speaking world has also led to numerous words related to flora and fauna entering English. "Orangutan," meaning "man of the forest," and "cassowary," from "kasuari," are examples of this, as are "bamboo" and "mangrove," which describe significant plant species native to these regions.

Culinary terms form a significant part of the Malay-English lexicon. "Satay," a popular skewered and grilled meat dish, and "sambal," a spicy chilli paste, have become favourites on global menus.

In terms of clothing, the Malay word "sarong," a large tube or length of fabric, often wrapped around the waist, has been universally adopted in English. Similarly, "batik," a technique of wax-resist dyeing applied to cloth, has also been borrowed.

Maritime terms like "junk," referring to a type of ancient sailing ship, and "cockatoo" for the bird species, were also borrowed due to the extensive maritime tradition in the region.

These examples enrich the English language and reflect the cultural and historical exchanges between the English-speaking world and the Malay archipelago.

Malay proverbs

Malaysia's rich and vibrant culture is beautifully encapsulated in its traditional proverbs or 'peribahasa.' These pearls of wisdom, forged in the crucible of time and deeply steeped in Malay customs and worldview, offer a fascinating insight into the ethos of the Malay society. From the vivid imagery they paint to the profound life lessons they impart, these proverbs are a testament to the intricate tapestry of Malay life and its connection to nature, relationships, and self-awareness. They underline the importance of humility, respect for one's roots, the value of reciprocity, and a measured approach to life's challenges. For an English speaker in London, these sayings can provide a captivating peek into the world of Malay wisdom, revealing surprising similarities to English idioms yet maintaining their own exotic charm. The exploration of Malay proverbs is akin to a colourful journey into the heart of Malaysia's cultural heritage, where age-old wisdom meets the vibrancy of language in a unique blend.

"Harimau mati meninggalkan belang, manusia mati meninggalkan nama." This translates to "A tiger dies leaving its stripes, a man dies leaving his name." This Malay proverb emphasizes the importance of leaving a lasting legacy, a lesson that resonates universally.

"Seperti kacang lupakan kulit." This translates as "Like a bean forgetting its shell," which describes someone who forgets their roots or origins. It speaks to the value of remembering one's cultural identity and heritage.

"Bagai aur dengan tebing." Translated, this means "Like bamboo with the riverbank." It describes a relationship of mutual dependence, akin to the English saying "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours."

"Bagaikan menyamak tikus." This translates to "Like trying to skin a mouse." It refers to taking a lot of effort for a small gain, similar to "making a mountain out of a molehill."

"Gajah sama gajah berjuang, pelanduk mati di tengah-tengah." This translates to "When elephants fight, it's the muntjac that dies in the middle." This proverb echoes the English saying "When two elephants fight, it's the grass that suffers," highlighting the harm that power struggles can cause to innocent bystanders.

"Bagai telur di hujung tanduk." This translates to "Like an egg at the tip of a horn," referring to a precarious situation, much like "walking on thin ice" in English.

"Pisang tidak akan berbuah dua kali." This translates to "A banana tree will not fruit twice," illustrating the idea of lost opportunities and that certain things only happen once.

"Diam-diam ubi berisi." This means "The silent yam is full (of substance)," emphasizing that quiet people often have much to contribute – similar to "Still waters run deep."

"Tak kenal maka tak cinta." This translates to "To not know is to not love," emphasizing the importance of understanding to appreciate something or someone truly.

"Bagaikan langit dengan bumi." This translates to "Like the sky and the earth," referring to two people or things that are vastly different, much like "apples and oranges" in English. This proverb showcases the natural metaphorical language inherent in Malay sayings.