Alphabet and spelling
The Croatian language uses a Latin alphabet consisting of 30 letters, which differs from the Cyrillic alphabet used by some other Slavic languages. In the Croatian alphabet, three letters are not in the Polish alphabet: č ,Ć, dz and j. The orthography in Croatian is mainly phonemic, which means that each letter corresponds to one sound. Such a rule facilitates the learning of reading and writing for people learning this language.
Influence of neighbouring languages
Although Croatian belongs to the group of southern Slavic languages, it also has influences from other languages such as Italian, German and Hungarian. These influences are visible in both vocabulary and grammar. In Croatian, you can find many borrowings from neighbouring languages, which testify to this area's rich history and multiculturalism.
Past and Future Time
In Croatian, past tense is expressed by aorist and imperfect, which are used depending on the context. The future tense is created by constructing with the auxiliary verb "htjeti" (want) and the infinitive of the main verb. The time system of the Croatian language differs from that of the Polish, which may be of interest to those learning the language.
Syntax
In Croatian, the syntax is relatively flexible, and the order of words in a sentence can be changed to express the speaker's pressure or intention. The similarity to Polish lies in the fact that both languages are inflexible, which means that words change their shape to express different grammatical meanings.
Literary language and dialects
Croatian is distinguished by its standard literary language and various regional dialects. The standard language is based on the Stockholm dialect, which is the most widely spoken and used in the media, education and in everyday life. Other dialects are Chakavian and Kajavian, which have their own unique phonetic, grammatical and lexical characteristics.
Croatian Literature
Croatian literature has a rich history, dating back to the Middle Ages. Over the centuries, it has developed under the influence of various cultural and political currents, creating unique literary works. Among the most important figures of Croatian literature, it is worth mentioning that Marek Marulić, the father of Croatian literature, created the Old Croatian language. Other famous writers include Ivan Gundulić, a representative of the Baroque, and Petar Preradović, a poet of Romanticism. Contemporary Croatian literature also has prominent figures, such as Dubravka Ugrešić, a writer and essayist whose work touches on identity, migration and culture. Knowledge of Croatian literature allows a better understanding of the Croatian nation's culture, history and values.
Astounding similarity to Polish
Croatian and Polish have many similarities, which result from the fact that they both belong to the Slavic language family. However, these are languages from different groups - Croatian from the southern Slavic group and Polish from the western Slavic group - their common roots mean that people speaking Polish can see numerous analogies in these two languages.
Croatian and Polish are inflexible languages, meaning words change their shape to express different grammatical meanings. In both languages, there is declension of nouns, adjectives and pronouns, as well as conjugation of verbs. The system of cases in Croatian includes seven cases, as in Polish.
In the syntax of both languages, some flexibility can be noticed, which allows you to change the order of words in the sentence to emphasize the emphasis or intentions of the speaker. Although this flexibility is greater in Polish, the similarity may facilitate learning Croatian.
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